Each citation must be noted within the text through use of simple sequential numbers. A number enclosed in square brackets, placed in the text of the report, indicates the specific reference. Citations are numbered in the order in which they appear. Once a source has been cited, the same number is used in all subsequent references in the report.
Example:
[Citation number, page]
[1: 161]
Tips:
Short Quotations
When you incorporate a direct quotation into a sentence, you must cite the source. Fit quotations within your sentences, enclosed in quotation marks, making sure the sentences are grammatically correct.
Examples:
[4: 79] indicates that “Quotations are effective in research papers when used selectively.”
Remember that “[q]uotations are effective in research papers when used selectively” [4: 79].
In 2003, Gibaldi wrote that “Quotations are effective in research papers when used selectively” [4: 79].
Longer Quotations
If a quotation is 40 words or more, omit quotation marks and use a block format in which the quotation is indented about ½ inch (or 5 spaces) from both margins. Cite the source at the end of the block quote, after the final punctuation mark.
Example:
Co-presence does not ensure intimate interaction among all group members. Consider large-scale social gatherings
in which hundreds or thousands of people gather in a location to perform a ritual or celebrate an event. In these
instances, participants are able to see the visible manifestation of the group, the physical gathering, yet their ability
to make direct, intimate connections with those around them is limited by the sheer magnitude of the assembly. [5: 324]
How to Cite When Altering a Direct Quotation
When you need to leave out part of a quotation to make it fit grammatically or because it contains irrelevant/unnecessary information, insert ellipses (three dots).
Begin the caption with the word "Figure", a number, and a title. Follow this with "Source" and the citation number in brackets. If you adapted the figure, begin the citation with "Adapted from" followed by the citation number in brackets.
Example
Figure 1: Wind Turbine
Source: Adapted from [2]
Tip:
According to IEEE guidelines, personal communications (e.g., emails, phone calls, and interviews) are not typically included in the list of references. Instead, identify the author, including their title, within the text of your report
Example:
In a letter, Dr. Sarah Smith from the School of Construction at SAIT claimed that many of her students enjoyed working with the IEEE style.
Consult your instructor to confirm whether you are required to list interviews, emails, phone calls, and lectures as part of the References page.
Source: https://libguides.sait.ca/ieee/in-text