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Citing & Referencing: APA 7th Style

The components of a source may change depending on the format of the work you are citing. The format of the source varies depending on the reference type.

Formatting the Source

Article sources typically include the journal, volume, issue, page numbers, and DOI. Spell out the entire journal title; do not abbreviate it. The journal title and volume should be italicized.

Steckler, R. A., & Bartkowski, J. P. (2018). "God is my first aid kit": The negotiation of health and illness among Christian Scientists. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 57(3), 585–603. https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12533

If an article is freely available online and does not have a DOI, you may choose to add the URL to the full-text.

The source for a book is the publisher.

Hain, P. (2018). Mandela: His essential life. Rowman & Littlefield.

If you are using a portion of a book, such as a chapter in an edited book, the source also includes the information from the book being used.

Johnson, P. (2019). Efforts to ban Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird. In R.C. Evans (Ed.), Censored & banned literature (pp. 169–186). Salem Press.

Internet sources usually include Website name and URL.

Levine, E. (1936). Amateur contest for children Final eliminations, Sept. 24, 1936 [Image]. Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/item/97502865/

Source: https://sfcollege.libguides.com/apa/components#:~:text=All%20APA%20reference%20list%20entries,date%2C%20title%2C%20and%20source.